How can researchers write a plain-language summary for the public?

A plain-language summary translates complex research findings into clear, accessible language that non-specialists can understand without sacrificing accuracy.

Start with the Core Message

Begin by identifying the single most important takeaway from your research. Ask yourself: "If a stranger asked me what I discovered over coffee, what would I say?" This becomes your opening sentence. Avoid starting with background context or methodology—lead with the result or implication that matters most to everyday readers.

Use Everyday Language

Replace technical jargon with common words. Instead of "ameliorate," write "improve." Rather than "utilize," say "use." When specialized terms are unavoidable, define them immediately in the same sentence. For example: "We studied apoptosis—the process where damaged cells self-destruct—in cancer treatment."

Structure for Clarity

Organize your summary into three short sections:

1. The Problem: What real-world issue does this research address? (1-2 sentences)
2. What You Did: Describe your approach in simple terms, focusing on what rather than how (2-3 sentences)
3. Why It Matters: Explain practical implications for people's lives, health, environment, or society (2-3 sentences)

Test for Accessibility

Read your draft aloud. If you stumble or need to reread a sentence, simplify it. Aim for an 8th-grade reading level using tools like Hemingway Editor. Share it with someone outside your field—if they understand it on first reading, you've succeeded.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Don't assume prior knowledge. Skip acronyms unless universally known (like DNA). Eliminate hedging language like "potentially" or "may suggest"—be direct about what you found. Avoid passive voice: write "we discovered" instead of "it was discovered."

When drafting, WisPaper's AI Copilot can convert dense academic prose into accessible "blog mode" summaries, which you can then refine for public audiences. The goal is to make your research findable and understandable to the taxpayers, patients, or communities who ultimately benefit from scientific progress.